The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in your HTML
document, before the <html> tag. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML
tag; it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the
page is written in. In HTML 4.01, the <!DOCTYPE> declaration refers to a
DTD, because HTML 4.01 was based on SGML. The DTD specifies the rules for
the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly.
HTML5 is not based on SGML, and therefore does not require a reference to a
DTD. Tip: Always add the <!DOCTYPE> declaration to your HTML documents, so
that the browser knows what type of document to expect.
Valid keyword shortcut values are shown below. If the value is a string
then that will be used instead.
:html5
:html-4.01-strict
:html-4.01-transitional
:html-4.01-frameset
:xhtml-1.0-strict
:xhtml-1.0-transitional
:xhtml-1.0-frameset
:xhtml-1.1