helpmate.html
Content derived from Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC-BY-SA), v2.5
a
The HTML Anchor Element (<a>) defines a hyperlink to a location on the same page or any other page on the Web. It can also be used (in an obsolete way) to create an anchor point—a destination for hyperlinks within the content of a page, so that links aren't limited to connecting simply to the top of a page.
abbr
The HTML <abbr> element (or HTML Abbreviation Element) represents an abbreviation and optionally provides a full description for it. If present, the title attribute must contain this full description and nothing else. Example: <p>I do <abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr></p>
acronym
deprecated
The HTML Acronym Element (<acronym>) allows authors to clearly indicate a sequence of characters that compose an acronym or abbreviation for a word. This feature is obsolete. Although it may still work in some browsers, its use is discouraged since it could be removed at any time. Try to avoid using it. This element has been removed in HTML5. Use <abbr> element.
address
The HTML <address> element supplies contact information for its nearest
<article> or <body> ancestor; in the latter case, it applies to the whole
document.
* To represent an arbitrary address, one that is not related to the
contact information, use a <p> element rather than the <address>
element.
* This element should not contain more information than the contact
information, like a publication date (which belongs in a <time>
element).
* Typically an <address> element can be placed inside the <footer>
element of the current section, if any.applet
deprecated
The <applet> tag defines an embedded applet. Note: There is still some support for the <applet> tag in some browsers, but it requires additional plug-ins/installations to work. The <applet> tag is not supported in HTML5. Use <embed> or <object> instead.
area
The HTML <area> element defines a hot-spot region on an image, and optionally associates it with a hypertext link. This element is used only within a <map> element.
article
added in HTML5
The HTML <article> element represents a self-contained composition in a
document, page, application, or site, which is intended to be independently
distributable or reusable (e.g., in syndication). This could be a forum
post, a magazine or newspaper article, a blog entry, an object, or any other
independent item of content. Each <article> should be identified, typically
by including a heading (<h1>-<h6> element) as a child of the <article>
element.
* When an <article> element is nested, the inner element represents an
article related to the outer element. For example, the comments of a
blog post can be <article> elements nested in the <article> representing
the blog post.
* Author information of an <article> element can be provided through the
<address> element, but it doesn't apply to nested <article> elements.
* The publication date and time of an <article> element can be described
using the datetime attribute of a <time> element. Note that the pubdate
attribute of <time> is no longer a part of the W3C HTML 5 standard.aside
added in HTML5
The HTML <aside> element represents a section of the page with content
connected tangentially to the rest, which could be considered separate from
that content. These sections are often represented as sidebars or inserts.
They often contain the definitions on the sidebars, such as definitions from
the glossary; there may also be other types of information, such as related
advertisements; the biography of the author; web applications; profile
information or related links on the blog.
* Do not use the <aside> element to tag parenthesized text, as this kind
of text is considered part of the main flow.audio
added in HTML5
The HTML <audio> element is used to embed sound content in documents. It may
contain one or more audio sources, represented using the src attribute or
the <source> element; the browser will choose the most suitable one.
Fallback content for browsers not supporting the <audio> element can be
added too, inside the opening and closing <audio></audio> tags.
The most basic playback functionality can be made available using the
controls attribute (see below); for more advanced usage, audio playback and
controls can be manipulated using the HTML Media API, and more specifically
the features defined in the HTMLAudioElement interface. You can also use
the Web Audio API to directly generate and manipulate audio streams from
JavaScript code. See Web Audio API for details.
* Permitted content: If the element has a src attribute: zero or more
<track> elements, followed by transparent content that contains no
media elements — that is, no <audio> or <video> elements.
* Else: zero or more <source> elements, followed by zero or more
<track> elements, followed by transparent content that contains no
media elements, that is no <audio> or <video> elements.
Currently, there are 3 supported file formats for the <audio> element: MP3,
Wav, and Ogg, with the following MIME types respectively: audio/mpeg,
audio/wav and audio/wav.b
The HTML <b> Element represents a span of text stylistically different from
normal text, without conveying any special importance or relevance. It is
typically used for keywords in a summary, product names in a review, or
other spans of text whose typical presentation would be boldfaced. Another
example of its use is to mark the lead sentence of each paragraph of an
article.
* Do not confuse the <b> element with the <strong>, <em>, or <mark>
elements. The <strong> element represents text of certain importance,
<em> puts some emphasis on the text and the <mark> element represents
text of certain relevance. The <b> element doesn't convey such special
semantic information; use it only when no others fit.
* Similarly, do not mark titles and headings using the <b> element. For
this purpose, use the <h1> to <h6> tags. Further, stylesheets can change
the default style of these elements, with the result that they are not
necessarily displayed in bold.
* It is a good practice to use the class attribute on the <b> in order to
convey additional semantic information (for example <b class="lead">
for the first sentence in a paragraph). This eases the development of
several stylings of a web document, without the need to change its HTML
code.
* Historically, the <b> element was meant to make text boldface. Styling
information has been deprecated since HTML4, so the meaning of the <b>
element has been changed.
* If there is no semantic purpose on using the <b> element, using css
property font-weight with bold value would be a better choice for
making text bold.base
The HTML <base> element specifies the base URL to use for all relative URLs contained within a document. There can be only one <base> element in a document. The base URL of a document can be queried from a script using document.baseURI. Note: If multiple <base> elements are specified, only the first href and first target value are used; all others are ignored.
basefont
deprecated
The HTML basefont element (<basefont>) establishes a default font size for a document. Font size then can be varied relative to the base font size using the <font> element. Do not use this element! Though once (imprecisely) normalized in HTML 3.2, it wasn't supported in all major browsers. Further, browsers, and even successive versions of browsers, never implemented it in the same way: practically, using it has always brought indeterminate results. The <basefont> element was deprecated in the standard at the same time as all elements related to styling only. Starting with HTML 4, HTML does not convey styling information anymore (outside the <style> element or the style attribute of each element). In HTML5, this element has been removed completely. For any new web development, styling should be written using CSS only. The former behavior of the <font> element can be achieved, and even better controlled using the CSS Fonts properties.
bdi
added in HTML5
The HTML <bdi> Element (or Bi-Directional Isolation Element) isolates a span of text that might be formatted in a different direction from other text outside it. This element is useful when embedding text with an unknown directionality, from a database for example, inside text with a fixed directionality. Though the same visual effect can be achieved using the CSS rule unicode-bidi: isolate on a <span> or another text-formatting element, the semantic meaning is only conveyed by the <bdi> element. Especially, browsers are allowed to ignore CSS styling. In such a case, the text would still be correctly displayed using the HTML element, but will become garbage when using the CSS styling to convey semantic.
bdo
The HTML <bdo> Element (or HTML bidirectional override element) is used to override the current directionality of text. It causes the directionality of the characters to be ignored in favor of the specified directionality.
big
deprecated
The HTML Big Element (<big>) makes the text font size one size bigger (for example, from small to medium, or from large to x-large) up to the browser's maximum font size. Note: As it was purely presentational, this element has been removed in HTML5 and shouldn't be used anymore. Instead web developers should use CSS properties.
blockquote
The HTML <blockquote> Element (or HTML Block Quotation Element) indicates that the enclosed text is an extended quotation. Usually, this is rendered visually by indentation (see Notes for how to change it). A URL for the source of the quotation may be given using the cite attribute, while a text representation of the source can be given using the <cite> element. Example: <blockquote cite="http://www.worldwildlife.org/who/index.html">; For 50 years, WWF has been protecting the future of nature. The world's leading conservation organization, WWF works in 100 countries and is supported by 1.2 million members in the United States and close to 5 million globally. </blockquote>
body
The HTML <body> Element represents the content of an HTML document. There can be only one <body> element in a document. All layout attributes are removed in HTML5.
br
The HTML element line break <br> produces a line break in text (carriage-return). It is useful for writing a poem or an address, where the division of lines is significant. Do not use <br> to increase the gap between lines of text; use the CSS margin property or the <p> element.
button
The HTML <button> Element represents a clickable button. Inside a <button> element you can put content, like text or images. This is the difference between this element and buttons created with the <input> element. Always specify the type attribute for a <button> element. Different browsers use different default types for the <button> element. Note: If you use the <button> element in an HTML form, different browsers may submit different values. Use <input> to create buttons in an HTML form.
canvas
added in HTML5
The HTML <canvas> Element can be used to draw graphics via scripting (usually JavaScript). For example, it can be used to draw graphs, make photo compositions or even perform animations. You may (and should) provide alternate content inside the <canvas> block. That content will be rendered both on older browsers that don't support canvas and in browsers with JavaScript disabled.
caption
The HTML <caption> Element (or HTML Table Caption Element) represents the
title of a table. Though it is always the first descendant of a <table>, its
styling, using CSS, may place it elsewhere, relative to the table. Note:
When the <table> element that is the parent of this <caption> is the only
descendant of a <figure> element, use the <figcaption> element instead.
Example:
<table>
<caption>Monthly savings</caption>
<tr>
<th>Month</th>
<th>Savings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January</td>
<td>$100</td>
</tr>
</table>center
deprecated
The HTML Center Element (<center>) is a block-level element that can contain paragraphs and other block-level and inline elements. The entire content of this element is centered horizontally within its containing element (typically, the <body>). This tag has been deprecated in HTML 4 (and XHTML 1) in favor of the CSS text-align property, which can be applied to the <div> element or to an individual <p>. For centering blocks, use other CSS properties like margin-left and margin-right and set them to auto (or set margin to 0 auto).
cite
The HTML Citation Element (<cite>) represents a reference to a creative
work. It must include the title of a work or a URL reference, which may be
in an abbreviated form according to the conventions used for the addition of
citation metadata.
* A creative work may include a book, a paper, an essay, a poem, a score,
a song, a script, a film, a TV show, a game, a sculpture, a painting, a
theater production, a play, an opera, a musical, an exhibition, a legal
case report, a computer program, a web site, a web page, a blog post or
comment, a forum post or comment, a tweet, a written or oral statement,
etc.
* The W3C spec states that a reference to a creative work may include the
author's name, while WHATWG has declared that it may not include a
person's name under any circumstances.
* Use the cite attribute on a <blockquote> or <q> element to reference an
online resource for a source.code
The HTML Code Element (<code>) represents a fragment of computer code. By default, it is displayed in the browser's default monospace font. This tag is not deprecated, but it is possible to achieve richer effect with CSS.
col
The HTML Table Column Element (<col>) defines a column within a table and is used for defining common semantics on all common cells. It is generally found within a <colgroup> element. This element allows styling columns using CSS, but only a few attributes will have an effect on the column (see the CSS 2.1 specification for a list).
colgroup
The HTML Table Column Group Element (<colgroup>) defines a group of columns
within a table for formatting. The <colgroup> tag is useful for applying
styles to entire columns, instead of repeating the styles for each cell, for
each row. Note: The <colgroup> tag must be a child of a <table> element,
after any <caption> elements and before any <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>, and
<tr> elements. To define different properties to a column within a
<colgroup>, use the <col> tag within the <colgroup> tag. Example:
<table>
<colgroup>
<col span="2" style="background-color:red">
<col style="background-color:yellow">
</colgroup>
<tr>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Price</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3476896</td>
<td>My first HTML</td>
<td>$53</td>
</tr>
</table>data
The HTML <data> Element links a given content with a machine-readable translation. If the content is time- or date-related, the <time> must be used.
datalist
added in HTML5
The <datalist> tag specifies a list of pre-defined options for an <input>
element. The <datalist> tag is used to provide an "autocomplete" feature
on <input> elements. Users will see a drop-down list of pre-defined options
as they input data. Use the <input> element's list attribute to bind it
together with a <datalist> element. Example:
<input list="browsers">
<datalist id="browsers">
<option value="Internet Explorer">
<option value="Firefox">
<option value="Chrome">
<option value="Opera">
<option value="Safari">
</datalist>dd
The HTML <dd> element (HTML Description Element) indicates the description
of a term in a description list (<dl>) element. This element can occur only
as a child element of a description list and it must follow a <dt> element.
Example:
<dl>
<dt>Coffee</dt>
<dd>Black hot drink</dd>
<dt>Milk</dt>
<dd>White cold drink</dd>
</dl>del
The HTML Deleted Text Element (<del>) represents a range of text that has been deleted from a document. This element is often (but need not be) rendered with strike-through text.
details
added in HTML5
The <details> tag specifies additional details that the user can view or
hide on demand. The <details> tag can be used to create an interactive
widget that the user can open and close. Any sort of content can be put
inside the <details> tag. The content of a <details> element should not be
visible unless the open attribute is set. Example:
<details>
<summary>Some details</summary>
<p>More info about the details.</p>
</details>
The <summary> tag is used to specify a visible heading for the details.
The heading can be clicked to view/hide the details.dfn
The HTML Definition Element (<dfn>) represents the defining instance of a
term.
* The <dfn> element marks the term being defined; the definition of the
term should be given by the surrounding <p>, <section> or definition
list group (usually a <dt>, <dd> pair).
* The exact value of the term being defined is determined by the
following rules:
- If the <dfn> element has a title attribute, then the term is the
value of that attribute.
- Else, if it contains only an <abbr> element with a title attribute,
then the term is the value of that attribute.
- Otherwise, the text content of the <dfn> element is the term being
defined.dialog
added in HTML5
The HTML <dialog> element represents a dialog box or other interactive component, such as an inspector or window. <form> elements can be integrated within a dialog by specifying them with the attribute method="dialog". When such a form is submitted, the dialog is closed with a returnValue attribute set to the value of the submit button used. The ::backdrop CSS pseudo-element can be used to style behind a <dialog> element, for example to dim inaccessible content whilst a modal dialog is active.
dir
deprecated
The HTML directory element (<dir>) represents a directory, namely a collection of filenames. Note: Do not use this element. Though present in the early HTML specification, it has been deprecated in HTML 4, then is obsolete in HTML5. Use the <ul> instead.
div
The HTML <div> element (or HTML Document Division Element) is the generic container for flow content, which does not inherently represent anything. It can be used to group elements for styling purposes (using the class or id attributes), or because they share attribute values, such as lang. It should be used only when no other semantic element (such as <article> or <nav>) is appropriate.
dl
The HTML <dl> element (or HTML Description List Element) encloses a list of pairs of terms and descriptions. Common uses for this element are to implement a glossary or to display metadata (a list of key-value pairs). Prior to HTML5, <dl> was known as a Definition List.
dt
The HTML <dt> element (or HTML Definition Term Element) identifies a term in a definition list. This element can occur only as a child element of a <dl>. It is usually followed by a <dd> element; however, multiple <dt> elements in a row indicate several terms that are all defined by the immediate next <dd> element.
element
deprecated
The HTML <element> element is used to define new custom DOM elements. Note: This tag has been removed from the specification. See this for more information from the editor of the specification.
em
The HTML element emphasis <em> marks text that has stress emphasis. The <em> element can be nested, with each level of nesting indicating a greater degree of emphasis. Note: Typically this element is displayed in italic type. However, it should not be used simply to apply italic styling; use the CSS styling for that purpose. Use the <cite> element to mark the title of a work (book, play, song, etc.); it is also typically styled with italic type, but carries different meaning. Use the <strong> element to mark text that has greater importance than surrounding text.
embed
added in HTML5
The HTML <embed> Element represents an integration point for an external application or interactive content (in other words, a plug-in). See other elements that are used for embedding content of various types include <audio>, <canvas>, <iframe>, <img>, <math>, <object>, <svg>, and <video>.
fieldset
The HTML <fieldset> element is used to group several controls as well as
labels (<label>) within a web form. Note: unlike almost any other element,
the WHATWG HTML Rendering spec suggests min-width: min-content as part of
the default style for <fieldset>, and many browsers implement such styling
(or something that approximates it). Example:
<form action="test.php" method="post">
<fieldset>
<legend>Title</legend>
<input type="radio" id="radio"> <label for="radio">Click me</label>
</fieldset>
</form>figcaption
added in HTML5
The HTML <figcaption> element represents a caption or a legend associated with a figure or an illustration described by the rest of the data of the <figure> element which is its immediate ancestor which means <figcaption> can be the first or last element inside a <figure> block. Also, the HTML Figcaption Element is optional; if not provided, then the parent figure element will have no caption.
figure
added in HTML5
The HTML <figure> element represents self-contained content, frequently with
a caption (<figcaption>), and is typically referenced as a single unit.
While it is related to the main flow, its position is independent of the
main flow. Usually this is an image, an illustration, a diagram, a code
snippet, or a schema that is referenced in the main text, but that can be
moved to another page or to an appendix without affecting the main flow.
* Being a sectioning root, the outline of the content of the <figure>
element is excluded from the main outline of the document.
* A caption can be associated with the <figure> element by inserting
a <figcaption> inside it (as the first or the last child).
Example:
<figure>
<img src="https://developer.cdn.mozilla.net/media/img/mdn-logo-sm.png";
alt="An awesome picture">
<figcaption>Fig1. MDN Logo</figcaption>
</figure>![https://developer.cdn.mozilla.net/media/img/mdn-logo-sm.png"](https://developer.cdn.mozilla.net/media/img/mdn-logo-sm.png"){kind=link}
font
deprecated
The HTML Font Element (<font>) defines the font size, color and face for its content. Do not use this element! Though once normalized in HTML 3.2, it was deprecated in HTML 4.01, at the same time as all elements related to styling only, then obsoleted in HTML5. Starting with HTML 4, HTML does not convey styling information anymore (outside the <style> element or the style attribute of each element). For any new web development, styling should be written using CSS only. The former behavior of the <font> element can be achieved, and even better controlled using the CSS Fonts CSS properties.
form
The HTML <form> element represents a document section that contains
interactive controls to submit information to a web server. It is possible
to use the :valid and :invalid CSS pseudo-classes to style a <form>
element. Example:
<form action="" method="post">
<fieldset>
<legend>Title</legend>
<input type="radio" id="radio">
<label for="radio">Click me</label>
</fieldset>
</form>frame
deprecated
<frame> is an HTML element which defines a particular area in which another HTML document can be displayed. A frame should be used within a <frameset>. Using the <frame> element is not encouraged because of certain disadvantages such as performance problems and lack of accessibility for users with screen readers. Instead of the <frame> element, <iframe> may be preferred.
frameset
deprecated
<frameset> is an HTML element which is used to contain <frame> elements. Note: Because the use of frames is now discouraged in favor of using <iframe>, this element is not typically used by modern web sites.
head
The HTML <head> element provides general information (metadata) about the document, including its title and links to its scripts and style sheets. Modern, HTML5-compliant browsers automatically construct a <head> element if the tags are omitted in the markup. This behavior cannot be guaranteed in ancient browsers.
header
added in HTML5
The HTML <header> element represents a group of introductory or navigational
aids. It may contain some heading elements but also other elements like a
logo, wrapped section's header, a search form, and so on. Note: The <header>
element is not sectioning content and therefore doesn't introduce a new
section in the outline. Example:
<header>
<h1>Main Page Title</h1>
<img src="mdn-logo-sm.png" alt="MDN logo">
</header>hr
The HTML <hr> element represents a thematic break between paragraph-level elements (for example, a change of scene in a story, or a shift of topic with a section). In previous versions of HTML, it represented a horizontal rule. It may still be displayed as a horizontal rule in visual browsers, but is now defined in semantic terms, rather than presentational terms. To change look of rule or gaps between it and paragraphs, use Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
html
The HTML <html> element (or HTML root element) represents the root of an HTML document. All other elements must be descendants of this element. Since the <html> element is the first in a document other than comments, it is called the root element. Although this tag can be implied, or not required, with HTML, it is required to be opened and closed in XHTML.
i
The HTML <i> Element represents a range of text that is set off from the normal text for some reason, for example, technical terms, foreign language phrases, or fictional character thoughts. It is typically displayed in italic type.
iframe
The HTML Inline Frame Element (<iframe>) represents a nested browsing context, effectively embedding another HTML page into the current page. In HTML 4.01, a document may contain a head and a body or a head and a frameset, but not both a body and a frameset. However, an <iframe> can be used within a normal document body. Each browsing context has its own session history and active document. The browsing context that contains the embedded content is called the parent browsing context. The top-level browsing context (which has no parent) is typically the browser window.
img
The HTML <img> element represents an image in the document. Note: Browsers do not always display the image referenced by the element. This is the case for non-graphical browsers (including those used by people with vision impairments), if the user chooses not to display images, or if the browser cannot display the image because it is invalid or an unsupported type. In these cases, the browser may replace the image with the text defined in this element's alt attribute.
input
The HTML element <input> is used to create interactive controls for web-based forms in order to accept data from the user. How an <input> works varies considerably depending on the value of its type attribute.
ins
The HTML <ins> Element (or HTML Inserted Text) HTML represents a range of text that has been added to a document.
kbd
The HTML Keyboard Input Element (<kbd>) represents user input and produces an inline element displayed in the browser's default monospace font.
keygen
added in HTML5
deprecated
The HTML <keygen> element exists to facilitate generation of key material,
and submission of the public key as part of an HTML form. This mechanism is
designed for use with Web-based certificate management systems. It is
expected that the <keygen> element will be used in an HTML form along with
other information needed to construct a certificate request, and that the
result of the process will be a signed certificate. Example:
<form action="demo_keygen.asp" method="get">
Username: <input type="text" name="usr_name">
Encryption: <keygen name="security">
<input type="submit">
</form>
Note: There is currently discussion among Web browser makers whether to keep
this feature or not. Until a decision is reached, it is better to continue
to consider this feature as deprecated and going away.label
The HTML Label Element (<label>) represents a caption for an item in a user interface. It can be associated with a control either by placing the control element inside the <label> element, or by using the for attribute. Such a control is called the labeled control of the label element. One input can be associated with multiple labels. It's worth noting, however, that labels are not themselves directly associated with forms. They are only indirectly associated with forms through the controls with which they're associated. Prior to a revision to the HTML specification made on April 28, 2016, the <label> element's form attribute allowed directly associating labels with forms.
legend
The HTML <legend> Element (or HTML Legend Field Element) represents a caption for the content of its parent <fieldset>.
li
The HTML <li> element (or HTML List Item Element) is used to represent an item in a list. It must be contained in a parent element: an ordered list (<ol>), an unordered list (<ul>), or a menu (<menu>). In menus and unordered lists, list items are usually displayed using bullet points. In ordered lists, they are usually displayed with an ascending counter on the left, such as a number or letter.
link
The HTML <link> element specifies relationships between the current document and an external resource. Possible uses for this element include defining a relational framework for navigation. This Element is most used to link to style sheets.
main
added in HTML5
The HTML <main> element represents the main content of the <body> of a document or application. The main content area consists of content that is directly related to, or expands upon the central topic of a document or the central functionality of an application. This content should be unique to the document, excluding any content that is repeated across a set of documents such as sidebars, navigation links, copyright information, site logos, and search forms (unless the document's main function is as a search form). Note: <main> must not be a descendent of an <article>, <aside>, <footer>, <header>, or <nav> element. Only one main element can be used per document.
map
The HTML <map> element is used with <area> elements to define an image map (a clickable link area).
mark
added in HTML5
The HTML Mark Element (<mark>) represents highlighted text, i.e., a run of
text marked for reference purpose, due to its relevance in a particular
context. For example it can be used in a page showing search results to
highlight every instance of the searched-for word.
* In a quotation or another block, the highlighted text typically marks
text that is referenced outside the quote, or marked for specific
scrutiny even though the original author didn't consider it important.
* In the main text, the highlighted text typically marks text that may
be of special relevance for the user's current activity, like search
results.
* Do not use the <mark> element for syntax highlighting; use the <span>
element for this purpose.
* Do not confuse the <mark> element with the <strong> element. The
<strong> element is used to denote spans of text of importance in
context of the text, when the <mark> element is used to denote spans
of text of relevance to a different context.meta
The HTML <meta> element represents any metadata information that cannot be
represented by one of the other HTML meta-related elements (<base>, <link>,
<script>, <style> or <title>).
Depending on the attributes set, the kind of metadata can be one of the
following:
* If name is set, it is document-level metadata, applying to the whole
page.
* If http-equiv is set, it is a pragma directive, i.e. information
normally given by the web server about how the web page should be served.
* If charset is set, it is a charset declaration, i.e. the charset used for
the serialized form of the webpage.
* If itemprop is set, it is user-defined metadata, transparent for the
user-agent as the semantics of the metadata is user-specific.meter
added in HTML5
The HTML <meter> Element represents either a scalar value within a known
range or a fractional value. Note: Unless the value attribute is between 0
and 1 (inclusive), the min and max attributes should define the range so
that the value attribute's value is within it. Example:
<p>
Heat the oven to
<meter min="200" max="500" value="350">
350 degrees
</meter>.
</p>noframes
deprecated
<noframes> is an HTML element which is used to supporting browsers which are not able to support <frame> elements or configured to do so. You can use any HTML element inside of <noframes> which are expected to be seen inside of <body> element, except <frameset> and <frame> elements. Note: Because of the fact that all mainstream browsers support frames, usage of this element is not necessary in general cases. It is also entirely obsolete in HTML5 and should be avoided to conform to the standard.
noscript
The HTML <noscript> Element defines a section of html to be inserted if a script type on the page is unsupported or if scripting is currently turned off in the browser.
object
The HTML Embedded Object Element (<object>) represents an external resource, which can be treated as an image, a nested browsing context, or a resource to be handled by a plugin.
ol
The HTML <ol> Element (or HTML Ordered List Element) represents an ordered list of items. Typically, ordered-list items are displayed with a preceding numbering, which can be of any form, like numerals, letters or Romans numerals or even simple bullets. This numbered style is not defined in the HTML description of the page, but in its associated CSS, using the list-style-type property. There is no limitation to the depth and overlap of lists defined with the <ol> and <ul> elements. Note: The <ol> and <ul> both represent a list of items. They differ in the way that, with the <ol> element, the order is meaningful. As a rule of thumb to determine which one to use, try changing the order of the list items; if the meaning is changed, the <ol> element should be used, else the <ul> is adequate.
optgroup
In a Web form, the HTML <optgroup> element creates a grouping of options
within a <select> element. Example:
<select>
<optgroup label="Group 1">
<option>Option 1.1</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Group 2">
<option>Option 2.1</option>
<option>Option 2.2</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Group 3" disabled>
<option>Option 3.1</option>
<option>Option 3.2</option>
<option>Option 3.3</option>
</optgroup>
</select>option
In a Web form, the HTML <option> element is used to create a control representing an item within a <select>, an <optgroup> or a <datalist> HTML5 element.
output
added in HTML5
The HTML <output> element represents the result of a calculation or user
action. Example:
<form oninput="result.value=parseInt(a.value)+parseInt(b.value)">
<input type="range" name="b" value="50" /> +
<input type="number" name="a" value="10" /> =
<output name="result">60</output>
</form>p
The HTML <p> element (or HTML Paragraph Element) represents a paragraph of text. Paragraphs are usually represented in visual media as blocks of text that are separated from adjacent blocks by vertical blank space and/or first-line indentation. The paragraph must be closed at end of the text "<p> text </p>" are requried to put the text between the paragraph. Paragraphs are block-level elements. Note: To change gaps between paragraphs, use the CSS margin property. Do not insert empty paragraphs elements or <br> between them.
param
The HTML <param> Element (or HTML Parameter Element) defines parameters for <object>.
pre
The HTML <pre> element (or HTML Preformatted Text) represents preformatted
text. Text within this element is typically displayed in a non-proportional
("monospace") font exactly as it is laid out in the file. Whitespace
inside this element is displayed as typed. Note: you will need to escape any
contained '<' characters as '<' to make sure enclosed code is not
interpreted as markup.progress
added in HTML5
[HTML5] The HTML <progress> Element is used to view the completion progress of a task. While the specifics of how it's displayed is left up to the browser developer, it's typically displayed as a progress bar. Javascript can be used to manipulate the value of progress bar. Example: <progress value="70" max="100">70 %</progress>
q
The HTML Quote Element (<q>) indicates that the enclosed text is a short
inline quotation. This element is intended for short quotations that don't
require paragraph breaks; for long quotations use <blockquote> element.
Note: Most modern standards-aware browsers, like Mozilla Firefox, Opera, and
Safari, should add quotes around text enclosed within the <q> element. Some
browsers, like Internet Explorer, may not make any sort of style change for
quotations, but it is possible to apply a style rule. Example:
<p>Everytime Kenny is killed, Stan will announce
<q cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenny_McCormick#Cultural_impact">;
Oh my God, you/they killed Kenny!
</q>.
</p>rp
added in HTML5
The HTML <rp> element is used to provide fall-back parenthesis for browsers non-supporting ruby annotations. Ruby annotations are for showing pronunciation of East Asian characters, like using Japanese furigana or Taiwainese bopomofo characters. The <rp> element is used in the case of lack of <ruby> element support its content has what should be displayed in order to indicate the presence of a ruby annotation, usually parentheses.
rt
added in HTML5
The HTML <rt> Element embraces pronunciation of characters presented in a ruby annotations, which are used to describe the pronunciation of East Asian characters. This element is always used inside a <ruby> element.
rtc
The HTML <rtc> Element embraces semantic annotations of characters presented in a ruby of <rb> elements used inside of <ruby> element. <rb> elements can have both pronunciation (<rt>) and semantic (<rtc>) annotations.
ruby
added in HTML5
The HTML <ruby> Element represents a ruby annotation. Ruby annotations are
for showing pronunciation of East Asian characters. Example:
<ruby>
漢 <rp>(</rp><rt>Kan</rt><rp>)</rp>
字 <rp>(</rp><rt>ji</rt><rp>)</rp>
</ruby>s
The HTML Strikethrough Element (<s>) renders text with a strikethrough, or a line through it. Use the <s> element to represent things that are no longer relevant or no longer accurate. However, <s> is not appropriate when indicating document edits; for that, use the <del> and <ins> elements, as appropriate.
samp
The HTML <samp> element is an element intended to identify sample output from a computer program. It is usually displayed in the browser's default monotype font (such as Lucida Console).
script
The HTML Script Element (<script>) is used to embed or reference an executable script within an HTML or XHTML document. Scripts without async or defer attributes, as well as inline scripts, are fetched and executed immediately, before the browser continues to parse the page.
section
added in HTML5
The HTML <section> element represents a generic section of a document, i.e.,
a thematic grouping of content, typically with a heading. Each <section>
should be identified, typically by including a heading (<h1>-<h6> element)
as a child of the <section> element.
* If it makes sense to separately syndicate the content of a <section>
element, use an <article> element instead.
* Do not use the <section> element as a generic container; this is what
<div> is for, especially when the sectioning is only for styling
purposes. A rule of thumb is that a section should logically appear
in the outline of a document.select
The HTML select (<select>) element represents a control that presents a menu of options. The options within the menu are represented by <option> elements, which can be grouped by <optgroup> elements. Options can be pre-selected for the user.
shadow
The HTML <shadow> element is used as a shadow DOM insertion point. You might use it if you have created multiple shadow roots under a shadow host. It is not useful in ordinary HTML. It is used with Web Components.
small
The HTML Small Element (<small>) makes the text font size one size smaller (for example, from large to medium, or from small to x-small) down to the browser's minimum font size. In HTML5, this element is repurposed to represent side-comments and small print, including copyright and legal text, independent of its styled presentation.
source
added in HTML5
The HTML <source> element specifies multiple media resources for either the
<picture>, the <audio> or the <video> element. It is an empty element. It is
commonly used to serve the same media content in multiple formats supported
by different browsers. Example:
<video controls>
<source src="foo.webm" type="video/webm">
<source src="foo.ogg" type="video/ogg">
<source src="foo.mov" type="video/quicktime">
I'm sorry; your browser doesn't support HTML5 video.
</video>span
The HTML <span> element is a generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not inherently represent anything. It can be used to group elements for styling purposes (using the class or id attributes), or because they share attribute values, such as lang. It should be used only when no other semantic element is appropriate. <span> is very much like a <div> element, but <div> is a block-level element whereas a <span> is an inline element.
strong
The HTML Strong Element (<strong>) gives text strong importance, and is
typically displayed in bold.
BOLD vs. STRONG
It is often confusing to new developers why there are so many ways to express
the same thing on a rendered website. Bold and Strong are perhaps one of the
most common. Why use <strong></strong> vs <b></b>? You have to type a whole
lot more with strong and it produces the exact same result, right?
Perhaps not; strong is a logical state, and bold is a physical state. Logical
states separate presentation from the content, and by doing so allow for it
to be expressed in many different ways. Perhaps instead of rendering some
text as bold you want to render it red, or a different size, or underlined,
or whatever. It makes more sense to change the presentational properties of
strong than it does bold. This is because bold is a physical state; there is
no separation of presentation and content, and making bold do anything other
than bold text would be confusing and illogical.
It is important to note that <b></b> does have other uses, when one wants to
draw attention without increasing importance.
EMPHASIS vs. STRONG
While in HTML4, Strong simply indicated a stronger emphasis, in HTML5, the
element is described as representing "strong importance for its contents."
This is an important distinction to make. While Emphasis is used to change
the meaning of a sentence ("I /love/ carrots" vs. "I love /carrots/"),
Strong is used to give portions of a sentence added importance (e.g.,
"*Warning!* This is *very dangerous*.") Both Strong and Emphasis can be
nested to increase the relative degree of importance or stress emphasis,
respectively.style
The HTML <style> element contains style information for a document, or part of a document. By default, the style instructions written inside that element are expected to be CSS.
sub
The HTML Subscript Element (<sub>) defines a span of text that should be
displayed, for typographic reasons, lower, and often smaller, than the main
span of text.
* This element should be used for typographical reasons only, i.e.
changing the position of the text changing its meaning like in
mathematical (like t2, though the use of a MathML formula should
be considered) or chemical formulas (like H2O).
* This element must not be used for styling purpose like the styling
of the product name Latex. In that case CSS style should be used:
the vertical-align property with the sub value will achieve the same
effect.summary
added in HTML5
The HTML summary element (<summary>) is used as a summary, caption, or legend for the content of a <details> element. Note: (1) If the <summary> element is omitted, the heading "details" will be used. (2) The default style for <summary> is display:list-item per HTML standard. If the style is being changed to display:block, the disclosure triangle will be dismissed, which is expected.
sup
The HTML Superscript Element (<sup>) defines a span of text that should be
displayed, for typographic reasons, higher, and often smaller, than the main
span of text.
* This element should be used for typographical reasons only, i.e.
changing the position of the text changing its meaning like in
mathematical (like f4, though the use of a MathML formula should be
considered) or in French abbreviations (like Mlle, Mme or Cie).
* This element must not be used for styling purpose like the styling of
the product name Latex. In that case CSS style should be used: the
vertical-align property with the super value will achieve the same
effect.table
The HTML Table Element (<table>) represents tabular data - i.e., information expressed via a two dimensional data table. Note: Prior to the creation of CSS, HTML <table> elements were often used as a method for page layout. This usage has been discouraged since HTML 4. However, HTML emails are an exception where tables are still commonly used for layout purposes. The reason for this is poor CSS support in popular email clients.
tbody
The HTML Table Body Element (<tbody>) defines one or more <tr> element data-rows to be the body of its parent <table> element (as long as no <tr> elements are immediate children of that table element.) In conjunction with a preceding <thead> and/or <tfoot> element, <tbody> provides additional semantic information for devices such as printers and displays. Of the parent table's child elements, <tbody> represents the content which, when longer than a page, will most likely differ for each page printed; while the content of <thead> and <tfoot> will be the same or similar for each page printed. For displays, <tbody> will enable separate scrolling of the <thead>, <tfoot>, and <caption> elements of the same parent <table> element. Note that unlike the <thead>, <tfoot>, and <caption> elements however, multiple <tbody> elements are permitted (if consecutive), allowing the data-rows in long tables to be divided into different sections, each separately formatted as needed.
td
The Table cell HTML element (<td>) defines a cell of a table that contains data. It participates in the table model.
template
The HTML template element <template> is a mechanism for holding client-side content that is not to be rendered when a page is loaded but may subsequently be instantiated during runtime using JavaScript. Think of a template as a content fragment that is being stored for subsequent use in the document. While the parser does process the contents of the <template> element while loading the page, it does so only to ensure that those contents are valid; the element's contents are not rendered, however.
textarea
The HTML <textarea> element represents a multi-line plain-text editing
control. A textarea has intrinsic dimensions, like a raster image. Example:
<textarea name="textarea" rows="10" cols="50">
Write something here
</textarea>tfoot
The HTML Table Foot Element (<tfoot>) defines a set of rows summarizing the columns of the table.
th
The HTML element table header cell <th> defines a cell as header of a group of table cells. The exact nature of this group is defined by the scope and headers attributes.
thead
The HTML Table Head Element (<thead>) defines a set of rows defining the head of the columns of the table.
time
The HTML <time> element represents either a time on a 24-hour clock or a
precise date in the Gregorian calendar (with optional time and timezone
information). This element is intended to be used presenting dates and times
in a machine readable format. This can be helpful for user agents to offer
any event scheduling for user's calendar. Note: This element is not
appropriate for instances where a specific date cannot be calculated, nor
should it be used for dates prior to the introduction to the Gregorian
calendar (due to complications with calculating those dates). Example:
<p>
The concert took place on
<time datetime="2001-05-15T19:00">May 15</time>.
</p>title
The HTML <title> element defines the title of the document, shown in a browser's title bar or on the page's tab. It can only contain text, and any contained tags are ignored.
tr
The HTML element table row <tr> defines a row of cells in a table. Those can be a mix of <td> and <th> elements.
track
added in HTML5
The HTML <track> element is used as a child of the media elements—<audio> and <video>. It lets you specify timed text tracks (or time-based data), for example to automatically handle subtitles. The tracks are formatted in WebVTT format (.vtt files) — Web Video Text Tracks. The type of data that track adds to the media is set in the kind attribute, which can take values of subtitles, captions, descriptions, chapters or metadata. The element points to a source file containing timed text that the browser exposes when the user requests additional data. A media element cannot have more than one track with the same kind, srclang, and label.
u
The HTML Underline Element (<u>) renders text with an underline, a line under the baseline of its content. In HTML5, this element represents a span of text with an unarticulated, though explicitly rendered, non-textual annotation, such as labeling the text as being a proper name in Chinese text (a Chinese proper name mark), or labeling the text as being misspelled. Note: As with all purely styling elements, <u> has been deprecated in HTML 4 and XHTML 1, but it has been re-introduced in HTML5 with other semantics. If you want to underline text in a non-semantic manner, you should use a <span> element, or another semantically appropriate element, and style it with the CSS text-decoration property, with the underline value.
ul
The HTML <ul> element (or HTML Unordered List Element) represents an unordered list of items, namely a collection of items that do not have a numerical ordering, and their order in the list is meaningless. Typically, unordered-list items are displayed with a bullet, which can be of several forms, like a dot, a circle or a squared. The bullet style is not defined in the HTML description of the page, but in its associated CSS, using the list-style-type property. There is no limitation to the depth and imbrication of lists defined with the <ol> and <ul> elements. Note: The <ol> and <ul> elements both represent a list of items. They differ in that, with the <ol> element, the order is meaningful. As a rule of thumb to determine which one to use, try changing the order of the list items; if the meaning is changed, the <ol> element should be used, otherwise you can use <ul>.
var
The HTML Variable Element (<var>) represents a variable in a mathematical expression or a programming context.
video
added in HTML5
Use the HTML <video> element to embed video content in a document. The video element contains one or more video sources. To specify a video source, use either the src attribute or the <source> element; the browser will choose the most suitable one.
wbr
added in HTML5
The HTML element word break opportunity <wbr> represents a position within text where the browser may optionally break a line, though its line-breaking rules would not otherwise create a break at that location. On UTF-8 encoded pages, <wbr> behaves like the U+200B ZERO-WIDTH SPACE code point. In particular, it behaves like a Unicode bidi BN code point, meaning it has no effect on bidi-ordering: <div dir=rtl>123,<wbr>456</div> displays, when not broken on two lines, 123,456 and not 456,123. For the same reason, the <wbr> element does not introduce a hyphen at the line break point. To make a hyphen appear only at the end of a line, use the soft hyphen character entity (­) instead.